云南台地茶园土壤化学成分研究

Study on Soil Chemical Constituents of the Tableland Tea Garden in Yunnan Province

为提高云南省台地茶园土壤肥力提供理论依据。采用火焰光度法和原子吸收法等方法测定云南省茶叶主产区西双版纳、普洱、临沧和保山等地区台地茶园土壤大量营养元素、微量营养元素和重金属元素等化学成分的含量。结果表明,云南省台地茶园土壤有机质平均含量为3.88%,碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有效钙、有效镁、有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌、有效硼、全铬和全铅平均含量分别为133.55、6.78、83.56、177.55、64.39、24.04、11.35、0.70、0.68、1.22、70.64、83.6mg/kg。云南省台地茶园土壤有机质含量较高,但大量营养元素和微量营养元素含量均较低,建议在加强大量营养元素肥料施用量的同时,加大微量营养元素肥料的施用量;土壤环境质量总体较好,符合无公害茶园土壤环境质量标准。

The research aimed to provide theoretical basis for improving soil fertility of the tableland tea garden in Yunnan province.The contents of chemical composition including major nutrients,minor nutrients,heavy metal elements and other chemical constituents were determined in the soil of tableland tea garden from main tea areas (Xishuangbanna,Puer,Lincang,Baoshan) of Yunnan by flame photometry,atomic absorption spectrometry and other methods.The results showed that the average contents of soil organic matter were 3.88%.The average contents of Available N,P and K were 133.55,6.78,83.56 mg/kg respectively.The average contents of effective Ca,Mg,Mn,Cu,Zn and B were 177.55,64.39,24.04,11.35,0.70,0.68,1.22 mg/kg respectively.The average contents of total Cr and Pb were 70.64,83.6 mg/kg respectively.The contents of soil organic matters of the tableland tea garden were high,but the contents of the major nutrients and minor nutrients of the tableland tea garden were low.Therefore,it proposed to enhance using the fertilizer of major nutrients,while increasing the fertilizer of minor nutrients.The qualities of soil environment in the tableland tea garden were good on the whole,and it accorded with the soil environment quality standards of the non-polluted tea garden.