不同施氮条件下嫁接对茄子生长和氮代谢相关酶活性的影响

Effect of Grafting on Eggplant Growth and Activities of Nitrogen Metabolism Enzymes under Different Nitrogen Application Levels

以野生茄托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)为砧木,茄子(Solanum melongena)品种西安绿茄为接穗进行嫁接,测定6个不同氮素浓度(0、7.728、15.456、30.912、61.824、123.648kg·hm-2)及同一氮素浓度(30.912kg·hm-2)下不同生育期的嫁接茄和自根茄生长指标和氮代谢相关酶活性。结果表明,不同的氮素条件下,嫁接茄较自根茄株高、茎粗、生物量分别增加了9.17%～28.75%、10.90%～26.18%、36.00%～92.83%,施氮量为30.912kg·hm-2时嫁接茄和自根茄茎粗、生物量的差异达极显著水平;嫁接极显著地增加了茄子叶片硝酸还原酶活性;嫁接茄叶片硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性在施氮量为30.912kg·hm-2时达最高;随着施氮量的增加,嫁接茄和自根茄叶片谷氨酸脱氢酶活性总体呈下降趋势,且嫁接降低了叶片谷氨酸脱氢酶的活性。随着植株的生长,施氮条件下嫁接茄的株高、茎粗、生物量在蕾期后与自根茄差异达极显著水平;硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性随植株生长而增加,且嫁接茄显著高于自根茄。

The commonly grown eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)cultivar'Xi'anlvqie'was used as scion.It was grafted with eggplant rootstock(Solanum torvum).Growth and nitrogen metabolism enzymes activity of grafted eggplants and self-rooted eggplants were determined under 6 different nitrogen concentration(0,7.728,15.456,30.912,61.824,123.648 kg?hm-2)and the different growth stages in same nitrogen concentration(30.912 kg?hm-2).The results showed that under different nitrogen conditions,the plant height,stem diameter,biomass of grafted eggplants were higher than self-rooted control by 9.17%-28.75%,10.90%-26.18%,36.00%-92.83%,and when the nitrogen concentration was 30.912 kg?hm-2 that the difference was at very significant level.Grafting could increase the eggplant nitrate reductase(NR)activity.When the nitrogen concentration was 30.912 kg?hm-2 the glutamine synthetase(GS)activity was the highest value,and grafting could reduce the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH),but the difference was not significant.After flower budding stage,the plant height,stem diameter and biomass of grafted eggplants was notably higher than that of self-rooted eggplants.NR and GS activities increase with the plant growth,and the grafting eggplant is obviously higher than the self-rooted eggplant.