新疆蝗虫的研究进展

Research Progress of Grasshoppers in Xinjiang

[目的]回顾和分析新疆近60 a来蝗虫种类、地理分布,以及生物学、生态学和防治等领域的研究进展,针对存在的问题,提出对策。[方法]广泛搜集已报道涉及新疆蝗虫种类调查及地理分布、蝗虫防治、生物学特性以及分子生物学文献,并进行全面的统计、分析。[结果]目前新疆记录的蝗虫种类已达171余种;在新疆蝗虫防治方面,近年来,以利用草原牧鸡、微孢子虫、绿僵菌防治蝗虫等生物防治发展迅速,并逐步成为蝗虫防治的主要手段,而化学防治仅作为应急防治措施,在蝗虫严重发生时使用。[结论]有关新疆蝗虫生物学特性和分子生物学的研究还十分薄弱,亟待加强。

[Objective]In this paper,we summarize the research progress of grasshopper species in Xinjiang and then propose some countermeasures against the existing problems.[Method]It was reviewed from the species investigation,distribution,control methods,biological characteristics and molecular biology. [Result]There were totally 171 grasshopper species recorded thus far,and much work has been done on faunal and regional distributions over the past 60 years.The control methods were discussed in detail,and biological control methods have been developed rapidly in recent three decades.Now biological control has replaced chemical control as a dominant way.[Conclusion]Comparatively speaking,few publicati were on biological characters and molecular research of grasshoppers in Xinjiang.