一起恶劣天气造成的电网多重故障引发的思考

Reflection on a Multiple Power Grid Fault Caused by Inclement Weather

通过对一起典型的恶劣天气造成的电网设备多重故障进行分析,总结事故处理的经验和启示:调度员处理事故应抓住主要矛盾,分清轻重缓急;恶劣天气下应尽可能保障电网结构稳定,防止事故扩大化;事故处理时应充分利用在线系统获取信息,辅助判断决策。还提出了调度员在事故处理和事故预控中面临的选择与风险:事故处理中,为防止事故扩大,多次试送故障设备,但可能对电网造成多次冲击,还可能对设备造成损坏;事故预控中,则面临压运行极限运行保电力供应与留有一定安全裕度但限制部分负荷的两难选择。就此提出建议:相关部门应开展输变电设备运行环境和运行水平研究,建立量化指标,评估环境的恶劣程度和设备运行能力,并开发相应的系统进行实时监测与分析,为调度员处理事故提供指导性意见;出台事故预控的有关规定,使调度员在日常工作中有据可依。最后对大运行及集控站建设方面提出了建议,进一步完善监控系统和远方操作功能。

A multiple power grid accident caused by inclement weather is analyzed,and some experiences are introduced.Dispatcher should deal with the incidents in order of importance and urgency;protect the grid structure as far as possible to prevent accidents from expansion under inclement weather;make full use of the online system to obtain information to assist decision-making in treating the incidents.The choices and risks that dispatchers are facing in dealing with and pre-controlling power grid accident are also introduced.In dealing with the accident,the fault equipment can be trial operated several times to prevent the accident from expansion,but it may repeatedly shock or even damage the power grid;In pre-controlling accident,a dilemma has to be faced,that is to operate the grid in ultimate state for power supply or by limiting some power load for safety margins.Some proposals are therefore proposed.First,study of the operating environment and operation level of transmission and distribution equipment should be carried out by relevant departments to build quantitative indicators for assessing the harshness of environment and the operational capability of equipment,and appropriate systems for real-time monitoring and analysis be developed to guide the dispatchers to handle incidents.Second,relevant provisions for pre-controlling accident should be formulated for dispatchers in their daily work.Finally,the monitoring system and remote operation function in control station should be further improved.