4～7周龄黑羽公番鸭代谢能和粗蛋白质需要量的研究

Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein Requirements of Black Male Muscovy Ducks Aged from 4 to 7 Weeks

本试验旨在确定4～7周龄黑羽公番鸭代谢能和粗蛋白质的需要量。采用3×3双因子试验设计,设3个代谢能水平(11.30、11.72、12.13 MJ/kg)和3个粗蛋白质水平(15%、17%、19%),配制9种试验饲粮。选取21日龄黑羽公番鸭324羽,随机分为9个处理,每处理6个重复,每重复6只鸭,每组试鸭随机饲喂1种试验饲粮。试验期28 d。试验结束前2天收集试鸭粪便用于测定能量,试验期末每重复屠宰1只鸭用于活体成分测定。结果表明:1)饲粮代谢能水平显著影响黑羽公番鸭平均日采食量、料重比、活体粗蛋白质含量和粗蛋白质摄入量(P<0.05);饲粮粗蛋白质水平极显著影响黑羽公番鸭粗蛋白质摄入量和沉积率(P<0.01);代谢能与粗蛋白质水平间的互作显著影响黑羽公番鸭活体水分、粗脂肪含量及代谢能沉积率(P<0.05)。2)由一元线性回归分析得出代谢能和粗蛋白质需要量计算公式分别为:ME=1 285.39W0.75-4.21△W;CP=0.81△W-8.92W0.75(式中:W0.75为代谢体重;△W为平均日增重)。由公式求得4～7周龄黑羽公番鸭代谢能和粗蛋白质需要量分别为11.71 MJ/kg和17.64%。

This experiment was conducted to study the requirements of metabolizable energy(ME) and crude protein(CP) of black male Muscovy ducks aged from 1 to 3 weeks.Three hundred and seventy eight 1-day-old black male Muscovy ducks were used in a 3×3 factorial design trial and randomly allocated to 9 groups with 6 replicates in each group of 7 ducks in each replicate.The ducks were fed 9 experimental diets with different levels of ME(11.72,12.14 or 12.55 MJ/kg) and CP(17%,19% or 21%).The experiment lasted for 21 days.The ducks' excrement of each replicate were collected for 3 days at the end of the experiment and used for analyzing the availability of nutrients.One duck from every replicate was slaughtered at the end of the experiment,and samples were collected for analyzing body composition.The results showed as follows: dietary CP level had significant or extremely significant effects on average daily gain(ADG),consumed CP for gain per gram,apparent availability of energy and CP,intake and deposition rate of CP(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Dietary ME level had significant or extremely significant effects on average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed/gain(F/G) and consumed CP for gain per gram(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The interaction between dietary ME and CP levels had significant effects on ADG,apparent availability of energy and living body energy content(P<0.05).Through unary linear regression analysis,the ME and CP requirements can be estimated by following formulas: ME=756.68W0.75+7.133 7△W;CP=33.363W0.75-0.457 1△W(where W0.75 is metabolic weight,△W is ADG).The ME and CP requirements of black male Muscovy ducks aged from 1 to 3 weeks are 12.10 MJ/kg and 19.31%,respectively.