铁路与林区防火基础设施一体化设计技术初探

Preliminary Studies on Integrated Design of Railway and Forest Fire Protection Facilities

处于对保护环境的考虑,传统的铁路选线首先考虑绕避林区方案,或用隧道下穿形式通过林区的方案,提出铁路与林区防火基础设施的建设相结合的理念。首先针对森林火灾的分布规律与林区道路防火救火功能要求,提出林区铁路选线的原则;然后以山区路基工程为例,结合林区防火效益和工程经济性要求,得到林区铁路定线的最佳地面坡度为17.5°;最后,根据斜坡林火传播速度差异,以半填半挖工点为例,提出上下侧分别设不同宽度的隔离带并在上侧加设防火墙的铁路横断面设计图;从而建立铁路与林区防火基础设施一体化设计的初步技术框架。此外,对林区铁路运营期间的防火措施也进行了讨论。

Considering the concept of environment protection,the traditional railway route selection always tries to avoid passing through the forest or pass through by tunnel.Combining the railway design with the forest fire protection facilities,this article puts forward a new idea.Firstly,according to the special forest environment and the forest fire prevention requirements,the principle of forest railway route selection is put forward.Secondly,taking the subgrade project in mountainous area as the example,the best ground slope for the forest railway location,17.5°,is obtained after comparing the fire protection benefits with project costs.Last,according to fire spread speed differences on slopes,taking a semi-filling and semi-excavating project site as the example,a new forest railway cross section type is put forward,in which the lower part and the upper part is protected by fire belts in different width and a firewall is added at the upper part.As a result,integrated forest railway design plus forest fire protection facilities is established.In addition,forest fire protection measures during forest railway operation are given in this article.