杠寨小流域不同林分对土壤理化性质的影响

The Effect of Different Forest Types on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Gangzhai Small Watershed

就杠寨小流域4种林分下土壤的理化性质进行分析。结果表明,杠寨小流域土壤中有机质、氮素含量较丰富,钾素含量较低,而磷素则较缺乏,土壤均表现为酸性(pH 3.80～5.00),土壤为黏土或黏壤土。总之,阔叶林(麻栎林)土壤的肥力状况优于针叶林(马尾松林、柏木幼林),针叶林下土壤酸度较高,特别是马尾松林下土壤达到极酸性水平(pH 3.80)。马尾松林下土壤容重较小(1.18 g/cm3),蓄水、排水能力最强(分别为159.33 t/hm2、160.58 t/hm2),而麻栎乔木林正好相反(分别为84.33 t/hm2、92.17 t/hm2)。

The effect of different forest types on soil physical and chemical properties was analyzed.The results showed that the contents of organic matter and N in soil of Gangzhai small watershed were plentiful while the content of K was lower and P was scarce.The soil in this region was acid(3.8～5.0),the soil was clay or clay loam.The soil fertility of broad leaved forest was better than that of coniferous forest.The acidity in broad leaved forest was more serious than that of coniferous forest,especially in Pinus massoniana forest(3.80).The soil bulk density of P.massoniana forest was less(1.18 g/cm3) and its water storage capacity and draught capacity was the best(159.33 t/hm2,160.58 t/hm2),while it was opposite in Quercus acutissima Carruth forest(84.33 t/hm2,92.17 t/hm2).