广西木论国家级自然保护区细痣疣螈栖息地环境的调查分析

Preliminary Survey of Tylototriton asperrimus Habitat in Mulun Nature Reserve,Guangxi

2010年3～9月,运用样线调查和植被样方调查的方法,对广西木论国家级自然保护区喀斯特林区细痣疣螈的分布、数量和栖息地环境进行了调查,使用GPS对各分布点进行地理坐标定位,观测记录植物种类、多度、盖度,记录地形、海拔、坡向、坡位、坡度、森林起源、土壤类型、水塘长宽深度、塘底物组成、水流速度、水体清晰度和干扰程度等生态环境因子,以揭示细痣疣螈与环境之间的关系。调查结果显示,林区细痣疣螈主要分布于地下水露头的积水坑周围的郁闭度>75%的常绿落叶阔叶混交林和灌木林,海拔300～850m,调查样点31个,数量1725只,平均密度55.65只/点。细痣疣螈的分布范围与栖息地周围的水源、植被、地形等密切相关,同时受人类捕捉的影响。调查分析结果可为广西木论国家级自然保护区制定该物种的保护措施提供基础资料。

Both the line transect method and the quadrat method were conducted to survey on resource distributions,population size and habitat condition of black knobby newt,Tylototriton asperrimus from Karst-forest area of Mulun National Nature Reserve in Guangxi,China.In order to study the relationship between organism and its surrounding habitat,we measured and recorded the related ecological factors such as floristics,abundance,coverage degree,frequency,landform,altitude,slope direction,slope position,forest origin,agro type,compose of sediment,length and depth of pool,stream speed,water definition and disturb degree,as well as noted geographical location information of each distribution point by GPS.A total of 31 quadrats including 1725 individuals with an average density of 55.65 per quadrat were noted and analyzed.The results showed that T.asperrimus mainly distributed at the pool of ground water spring in evergreen and deciduous broad-leaf mixed forest and shrubbery whose canopy density is bigger than 75 percents,altitude from 300 to 850 meters of elevation.In conclusion,the range of distribution of T.asperrimus was closely correlated with fountain,vegetation and landscape,as well as human activities.Our results could provide some valuable information to establish corresponding protected provision for this species.