饲粮添加益生菌与酶制剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响及相关机理

Probiotics and Enzyme Preparation: Effects on Growth Performance of Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Its Mechanism

为研究益生菌与酶制剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、养分代谢率和肠黏膜形态的影响,试验选择5日龄体重相近的健康雌性黄羽肉鸡675羽,随机分成5个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复27羽,空白Ⅰ组饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加25 g/t益生菌制剂、150 g/t复合酶制剂、25 g/t益生菌制剂+150 g/t复合酶制剂、300 g/t抗敌素的试验饲粮。饲养试验至53日龄结束。结果表明:饲粮中组合添加益生菌与酶制剂获得了最高的全期平均日增重,且与空白Ⅰ组及抗生素Ⅴ组相比分别提高了4.22%(P<0.05)和2.12%(P>0.05);真代谢能以组合添加Ⅳ组最高,且与空白Ⅰ组及抗生素Ⅴ组相比分别提高了11.29%(P<0.01)和6.89%(P<0.05),酶制剂Ⅲ组粗纤维真代谢率极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ组(P<0.01),显著高于组合添加Ⅳ组(P<0.05);抗生素、益生菌与酶制剂及两者组合使用都不同程度地促进了十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛形态结构的发育。总体上说,益生菌与酶制剂联合使用表现出了一定优势,且具有替代某些抗生素饲料添加剂使用的潜能。

To evaluate the effects of probiotics and enzyme preparation on growth performance,nutrient metabolic rates and intestinal mucosal morphology of yellow-feathered broilers,a total of 675 five-day-old healthy female yellow-feathered broilers with the same body weight were randomly allocated to 5 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 27 broilers in each replicate.Control group(group Ⅰ) was provided with a basal diet,and the test groups(groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ) were fed the basal diet added 25 g/t probiotics,150 g/t multi-enzyme preparation,25 g/t probiotics+150 g/t multi-enzyme preparation and 300 g/t colistin sulphate,respectively.The diets were fed from 5 to 53 days of age.Results showed that group Ⅳ got the highest average daily gain(ADG) of all groups in the whole trial period,and compared with the control group Ⅰ and group Ⅴ,ADG was increased by 4.22%(P<0.05) and 2.12%(P>0.05),respectively.Group Ⅳ got the highest true metabolizable energy(TME) of all groups,and compared with the control group Ⅰ and group Ⅴ,TME was increased by 11.29%(P<0.01) and 6.89%(P<0.05),respectively.True crude fiber metabolic rate of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅴ(P<0.01) and group Ⅳ(P<0.05).Antibiotic,probiotics,enzyme preparation and the combination of probiotics and enzyme preparation all can improve the duodenal,jejunal and ileal villus morphology development in different degrees.The combination of probiotics and enzyme preparation demonstrates certain advantages,and it has the potentiality of replacing some antibiotic feed additives.