氯化胆碱和维生素K3饲料添加剂中二(噁)英类化合物浓度及其单体分布特征

Feed Additives of Choline Chloride and Vitamin K_3: Dioxin Compound Concentrations and the Distribution Characteristics of Monomers

本试验旨在调查2种常用饲料添加剂氯化胆碱和维生素K3中二噁英类化合物浓度及其单体分布特征。共检测17个氯化胆碱和29个维生素K3样品,二噁英化合物分别采用加速溶剂萃取仪和自动纯化系统进行提取和净化,并采用同位素稀释-高分辨气相色谱/高分辨双聚焦磁式质谱联用技术(HRGC/HRMS)进行准确定量分析检测。结果表明:氯化胆碱与维生素K3中二噁英类化合物浓度分别为4.370和13.871 pg/g,它们的毒性当量平均浓度分别是0.184和0.379 pg WHO-TEQ/g,其中有1个氯化胆碱样品和5个维生素K3样品中毒性当量浓度超过欧盟限量标准值(0.75 pg WHO-TEQ/g)。2种饲料添加剂均以八氯二苯并呋喃(OCDF)为最主要的污染同系物,毒性当量的主要贡献均以2,3,4,7,8-五氯二苯并呋喃(2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF)和1,2,3,4,7,8-六氯二苯并呋喃(1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF)为主,分别为42%和55%。污染同系物分布特征以氯化二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)为主要优势污染物。PCDFs在氯化胆碱和维生素K3中的贡献率分别占总浓度的88%和97%。

This study was conducted to investigate dioxin compound concentrations and the distribution characteristics of monomers in two kinds of common feed additives(choline chloride and vitamin K3).Seventeen samples of choline chloride and 29 samples of vitamin K3 were detected.Dioxin compounds were extracted by accelerated solvent extraction system(ASE),purified by fluid management system(FMS),and quantitative analyzed by isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry(HRGC/HRMS).The results showed as follows: the concentrations of dioxin compounds in choline chloride and vitamin K3 were 4.370 and 13.871 pg/g,respectively.The average concentration of toxic equivalent was 0.184 and 0.379 pg WHO-TEQ/g,respectively.The toxic equivalent concentration in 1 choline chloride sample and 5 vitamin K3 samples exceeded the executive standard of European Union(0.75 pg WHO-TEQ/g).OCDF was the dominant contributory congener both in the samples of choline chloride and vitamin K3,and the main contributors of toxic equivalent were 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF and 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF.Furthermore,PCDFs accounted for 88% and 97% of total toxic equivalent in choline chloride and vitamin K3,respectively,and was the main pollutant in the distribution characteristic of pollutional congeners.