含添加剂细水雾熄灭K类火灾的实验研究

Experimental research on class K fire suppression by water mist with additives

实验研究碱性盐及其与表面活性剂复配作为细水雾添加剂熄灭K类火灾的灭火性能,重点探讨表面活性剂结构对细水雾灭火性能的影响。结果表明:碳酸钾、醋酸钾等弱碱性盐类在添加量较高时,可作为添加剂快速有效地熄灭食用油火;在低浓度醋酸钾水溶液中添加单一表面活性剂,灭火性能显著增强,且表面活性剂的疏水碳链及亲水链长度对灭火性能有重要影响;在低浓度醋酸钾水溶液中添加二元复配表面活性剂,由于表面活性剂的协同效应,可使细水雾的灭火性能进一步提高。

The performance of class K fire suppression by water mist with basic salt or combination of basic salt and surfactant has been experimentally studied,and the influence of surfactant structure to the fire extinguishing performance was focused on.The experimental results revealed that class K fire can be suppressed rapidly and effectively by water mist with high concentration of weak basic salt such as K 2 CO 3 or CH 3 COOK;when a single surfactant is added to low concentration of CH 3 COOK aqueous solution,the fire extinguishing performance is enhanced considerably,and the length of hydrophobic carbon chain or hydrophilic chain of surfactant influences obviously fire extinguishing effect;the fire extinguishing ability of water mist with low concentration of CH 3 COOK and two kinds of surfactants is further reinforced as a result of the synergistic effect between surfactants.