陇南白马人傩舞戏现状考察——兼及“池哥昼”源流考证

The Review on Longnan Baima People's Situation of Exorcise Dance-drama ——And the Research about Origins of Chigezhou

学界目前比较一致的看法是白马人系古代氐人的后裔,陇南白马人主要聚居区在甘肃文县铁楼乡的白马河流域,其现存傩舞戏形式丰富多样,重要种类"池哥昼"、"麻昼"和"甘昼"等展示了其文化的典型性、原始性和稀有性。最具代表性的傩舞戏"池哥昼"人物内涵源于父系氏族公社初期炎帝时代的刑天,与商周时期的雕题风俗有关。在春秋时期或略早形成氐羌三眼神土伯、二郎神崇拜的同时,融合殷周傩仪四目神(黄金四目)造就出傩舞戏形式并随之演进,延及明清至今,但傩舞戏扮相和表演形式在不同的时代有不同的状态。

Academia has more consistent view that the main neighborhoods of the descendants of the the Baima People is the ancient Di People in China.Longnan Baima People is living the Baima River Basin inTielou town belong Wenxian in Gansu Province,and its existing the exorcise dance-drama forms of rich and varied,important species Chigezhou,Mazhou and Ganzhou are showing the typicality of their culture,original and rare.Its most representative exorcise dance-drama Chigezhou has people connotations traceable in patriarchal clan commune early the Yandi era shapeddays,and the Shang and Zhou dynasties carved title customs,forming early in the Spring and Autumn Period or slightly Diqiang three eyes,earth Bo and Erlangshen worship the same time,fusion of the Yin and Zhou Exorcising eyes God(gold mesh) to create the exorcise dance-drama form and subsequently evolve,extending Ming and Qing dynasties so far,but the exorcise play of appearance and performances at different times have different statuses.