集聚经济的形式与工业园区的发展

The Forms of Agglomeration Economies and Development of Industrial Park

集聚经济内的企业普遍地享有集聚带来的外部性,其直接后果是导致集聚内的绝大多数企业得到比外部企业更多的利益,即集聚效应。从产业的角度看,集聚可以表现为企业集中、产业集聚和产业集群三种形式,但是,这三种形式所形成的集聚效应是不同的,产业集群所具有的竞争优势是企业集中或产业集聚难以相比的。工业园区作为一种促进、规划和管理工业发展的手段,其实质也是依靠政府和市场力量形成的集聚。为了提升工业园区的竞争力和增强入驻企业的根植性,具备条件的工业园区,当走集群化发展之路,实现园区内相关企业的集群式生存。

Enterprises inside the agglomeration economies,generally,enjoy the externality brought about by the agglomeration, which directly results that most enterprises inside the agglomeration gain more benefits than those outside.This is called it 'agglomeration effect.' From the enterprises' perspective,agglomeration could be shown in three forms as corporation agglomeration, Industrial agglomeration and industrial clusters.However,the agglomeration effect coming from the three forms is different.The competitive advantages of industrial clusters are unparalleled to corporation agglomeration and Industrial agglomeration.As a method to boost,plan and manage industry development,industrial park,in fact,is agglomeration based on the power of government and market. Industrial park with advantages should clustered and realize agglomerating development inside the park in order to enhance competitiveness and corporate embedment of corporate settled.