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椎间盘退变与脊柱生物力学的关系 被引量:5

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摘要 一、椎间盘的特点 正常椎间盘位于上下椎体之间,由纤维环和髓核构成.纤维环呈层状环绕,排列紧密,富含纤维,其中以Ⅰ型胶原为主,同时含有其他类型的胶原.纤维环包裹在胶冻样的髓核外周,使椎间盘能承受一定的压力负荷.髓核主要由胶原(主要为Ⅱ型胶原)、蛋白多糖、髓核细胞构成,其中蛋白多糖有亲水性,使髓核能对抗压力,缓冲脊柱的震荡.Poiraudeau等[1]发现椎间盘外周为纤维环和中央为髓核,髓核和纤维环中的细胞数量均较少,细胞外基质含量较丰富.椎间盘内的细胞有脊索细胞、类软骨细胞、成纤维细胞等.脊索细胞存在于胚胎期的髓核内,出生后逐渐减少,正常人10岁以后消失.类软骨细胞主要存在于髓核及纤维环的内层,而纤维环的外层的细胞以成纤维细胞为主.类软骨细胞能够产生骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)、转化生长因子(TGF)、类胰岛素生长因子(IGF)等生长因子及白细胞介素(IL-1,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)等细胞因子.
机构地区 解放军第
出处 《中华临床医师杂志(电子版)》 CAS 2012年第16期4816-4818,共3页 Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)
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参考文献32

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