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肾损伤早期诊断标志物的研究现状 被引量:11

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摘要 中国正渐渐步入老龄化社会,随着人口老龄化增加的疾病如高血压、糖尿病、心力衰竭和慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)等较易引起肾损伤.医院内急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)的发病率约2.38%~25.9%,病死率可高达60%(其中ICU病死率约50%).所以提高肾损伤的认识及预防,对减少其带来的危害意义重大,其中肾损伤的早期诊断是很重要的预防措施.人们既可以通过检测排泄增加的近端肾小管蛋白来表明肾小管的损伤,如各种结构蛋白以及酶类管型,也可通过检测血β2-微球蛋白(β2 microglobin,β2-MG)和胱抑素C(cystatin C,CysC)等低分子蛋白滤过的减少来评估肾小球损伤.近年来比较新颖的标志物有肾脏损伤分子-1(kidney injury molecule-1,KIM-1)和嗜中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质蛋白(neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin,NGAL)以及通过检测mRNA水平的变化来诊断早期肾损伤的单核细胞趋化因子-1(monocyte chemotactic peptide-1,MCP-1)等.本文就肾损伤早期诊断标志物的研究现状进行综述.
出处 《中华临床医师杂志(电子版)》 CAS 2012年第19期5976-5978,共3页 Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)
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