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应重视开放腹腔手术 被引量:7

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摘要 开放腹腔(open abdomen,OA)手术的提出已有20余年历史,这一用于挽救危重症患者生命的术式自出现起就争论不断,主要反对观点包括:(1)腹腔间隙综合征(abdominal compartment syndrome,ACS)等患者即使施行了剖腹减压术,死亡率仍达50%左右[1];(2)暴露的腹腔将导致额外的液体丢失、感染、肠瘘、疝等严重并发症[2];(3)需要再次或多次外科手术治疗;(4)被称为护理人员的噩梦,费用高,住院时间长等.近来的研究已经证实开放腹腔手术可有效降低死亡率和早期术后并发症率[3],其手术技术自20世纪90年代中期以来取得了显著进展,且逐渐统一到以负压引流技术(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)为主的相关术式上来[4],已经开发出ABTheraTM腹腔开放手术系统等成套装置,这些方法可显著避免原有开放腹腔技术的不足,使大多数患者可以在2~3周内完成确定性腹腔关闭,从而使开放腹腔手术逐渐成熟,据今年一篇综述统计的截至2011年报道的较大宗病例总数已近5248例[3],合理应用这一技术必将提高腹部外科危重症患者的救治水平[5].本文简述开放腹腔手术的相关概念及手术要点.
作者 张连阳
出处 《中华临床医师杂志(电子版)》 CAS 2012年第21期6649-6651,共3页 Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)
基金 国家科技支撑计划"创伤救治新技术研究及集成示范"(2012BAI11B01)
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