奥巴马政府巧实力外交下的亚太政策与影响分析

Obama Administration’s Asia-Pacific Policy and Effect Analysis of Its Smart Power Diplomacy

冷战后的美国历届政府致力于建立以本国为首的世界新秩序,但是如果说老布什政府碍于国家力量和克林顿政府专注于国家经济安全而对世界新秩序的实现手段有所谨慎的话,经过冷战后十年的调整与发展,小布什政府的对外行为则相对无所顾忌。但这种希望在国际体系硬实力分配暂时失衡并且缺乏对单极霸权的体系性制衡力量的背景下,依靠对绝对权力的追求来建立新的单极世界秩序的尝试在经过八年实践后遭到美国国内的普遍质疑。奥巴马政府上台伊始即宣布其外交巧实力战略,表现出在自身实力不济的情况下致力于维护美国霸权、重塑国际秩序的柔性外交姿态。巧实力战略的一个重点便是借助所谓同盟体系"重返亚太",重组经济规范。美国军事、经济和政治上的"灵巧"调整对亚太局势、对中国发展以及周边环境产生的影响由此不容忽视。

After the cold war,the United States governments were committed to the establishment of new world order in their own lead,if both Bush and Clinton administrations were cautious on the new world order either for state power or national economic security,the George W.Bush administration’s foreign behavior is relative unscrupulously during ten years of adjustment and development since 1990.Yet the hope that relying on absolute power to build new unipolar world order is questioned generally at home after eight years of practice in state where international system’s hard power is on a temporary imbalance and there is no systematic counterbalance power to unipolar hegemony.Obama administration announced its smart power strategy on diplomacy as soon as he took office,showing the flexible diplomatic gesture on commitments of maintaining United States hegemony and reshaping international order though lack of strength.With the aid of so-called alliance system to 'return to Asia Pacific',to restructure the economic norms is a key point of smart power strategy.And the influence exerted by United States' military,economic and political 'smart' adjustment on Asia-Pacific’s situation Chinese development and Chinese surroundings could not be ignored.