新疆阿瓦提县盐碱地治理理论与措施分析研究

Analysis and Research on Theory and Measures of the Saline land management in Xinjiang Awati Country

描述阿瓦提县自然环境特征,盐碱地现状、分布与成因,查明阿瓦提8×104hm2耕地面积中,约有4.07×104hm2盐碱地,约占耕地面积的50.94%。根据治理盐碱地的经验与教训,提出以防治并重,改良与利用相结合的指导思想,制定盐碱地治理应遵守的四项基本原则、治盐与控盐相结合的方针,为此,引进供需水平衡和水均衡理论,分析治理区可能出现的积盐和脱盐情况,提出了盐碱地治理区几种主要作物最适宜的净灌溉定额、灌溉水利用系数、作物的耐渍深度和盐控地下水位,为制定灌排工程设计提供了技术参考数依据。

The paper describes natural environment feature,saline-alkali land status,distribution and causes in Awati Country.It is occupied 8×104 hm2 of arable land which is about 4.07×104 hm2 of the saline-alkali and 50.94% of the arable soil.Based on experiences and lessons of the process of saline land management,it puts forward the guiding ideology that the prevention and treatment were equally important,improvement and use were combined,and formulated the saline field control policy which should comply with the four cardinal principles and the combination of governance and control salt.Therefore,it is based on the water supply and demand balance and water-balance theory to analyze the possible situation of deposited salt and desalination in the controlled region,and puts forward several major crops' the most suitable net irrigation quota,water efficiency of irrigation,salt-resistance of depth and salt in controlling of groundwater level,and provides technical reference for the development of irrigation and drainage engineering design.