犯罪主观要件结构分析

On the Construction of Subjective Element of Crime

犯罪主观要件,是指刑法所规定的,成立犯罪所必须的,行为人实施构成要件行为时,对自己行为的危害结果所抱的心理态度以及其他说明行为危害性的有关心理状态。犯罪主观要件具有法定性、危害性、主观性、时间性、必要性等特征,其包括犯罪故意、犯罪过失、特定目的、特定动机、特定明知、排除特定目的等要素。其中,犯罪故意或犯罪过失是犯罪主观要件的必备要素;特定目的、特定动机、特定明知、排除特定目的等是犯罪主观要件的选择要素。就我国《刑法》分则所规定的具体犯罪来看,有的犯罪只能由直接故意构成;有的犯罪只能由间接故意构成;有的犯罪只能由故意构成;有的犯罪只能由过失构成。

The subjective element of crime is the mental attitude to the behavioral bane result by oneself and the mental state of the other elucidation behavior bane, which criminal law provides, establishing of crime must have and the person has while he put criminal offence into practice. The subjective element of crime has some characteristics such as legal, bane, subjective, time, necessity and includes many factors for instance criminal intention, criminal negligence, particular purpose, particular motive, particular knowing perfectly well and expelling the particular purpose. Among them, criminal intention or criminal negligence is the essential factor of the subjective element of crime, and particular purpose, particular motive, particular knowing perfectly well, expelling particular purpose etc. is the choice factor of the subjective element of crime.As regard to the concrete crime provision of the our country criminal code, some crimes only can constitute from direct intention, some crimes only can constitute from indirect intention, some crimes only can constitute from intention, some crimes only can constitute from negligence.