新世纪国外爱伦·坡小说研究述评

A Critical Review of 21st-Century Western Studies of Edgar Allan Poe's Fiction

进入21世纪以来,国外爱伦·坡小说研究显著呈现出"回归伦理"、"回归创作"及"回归本土"等三种格局并驾齐驱的态势,在很大程度上规避了以往爱伦·坡批评在方法论和认识论上的片面性和狭隘性。新世纪的爱伦.坡小说研究凸出文本发生的内在肌理及其相应的认知范式,注重采用以文本为核心的"多元化方法论",融合发生学批评、传记批评、新历史主义、文化研究以及各种围绕"种族问题"所展开的社会学批评,从而使得坡的小说研究得以置身于文学与文化、现实与想象、自觉与直觉相互交织的审美网络中。这种系统化的阐释路径不仅有效发掘出爱伦.坡小说中常为人所忽略的文学逻辑,而且更为科学地还原了爱伦.坡作为19世纪美国作家的历史"面相"。

Since the advent of the 21st century,overseas scholarship of Poe's fiction has,more than ever,taken on three major interpretive trends: a return to the ethics,a return to the composition and a return to the authorial native physiognomy,all three of which,to a large extent,help to redress the methodological and epistemological one-sidedness and parochialism of previous Poe criticism.This new-century Poe scholarship,while foregrounding the inner pattern of Poe's textual genesis and its corresponding cognitive strategies,assumes a 'pluralistic methodology,' which conflates genetic criticism,biographical criticism,new historicism,cultural studies as well as various forms of sociological criticism centering on race.This systemic interpretive approach sets Poe's fiction in a complicated aesthetic network interwoven with the fabrics of literature vs.culture,reality vs.imagination,and self-consciousness vs.intuition;it not only contributes to the excavation of Poe's long-ignored literary logic,but more scientifically restores the historical physiognomy of Edgar Allan Poe as a 19th-century American writer.