植物装饰风格在鄂伦春狩猎文化下的特殊性

The Particularities of Plant Adornment Styles Under the Culture of Oroqen Hunting

鄂伦春族在上个世纪以前仍处于原始社会末期,实行着共同劳动、集体分配的制度。所以他们的民间装饰艺术,在某些方面仍保持着一定程度的原始艺术的特色。北方猎牧民喜好表现动物题材的装饰风格。因为这里的动物世界不仅是所在地的经济环境,也是猎牧民赖以生存的物质条件。但是作为狩猎民族的鄂伦春人,不管是他们的兽皮工艺,还是桦皮工艺,其装饰图案大都是各种云卷纹、花形纹、几何纹和蝴蝶纹等,而直接与狩猎生活有关的竟然很少。这与德国的艺术理论家格罗塞在他的《艺术的起源》中,发表过一个著名的论点:"狩猎部落由自然界得来的画题,几乎绝对限于人物和动物的图形"相对立。这使我们对原始艺术和艺术的起源增加了许多新的认识。

Oroqen nationality saw its end of the primitive society before the last century and carried out the system of joint work and collective distribution.Therefore,their folk decoration arts maintained the primitive art features in certain degree.The northern nomads like the adornment style of performance subject matters because the animal world is not only the economic environment,but also the material conditions northern nomads live in.However,as the hunting nationalities,Oroquen’s decoration patterns are cloud line,flower line,geometric line and butterfly line,which directly has little to do with hunting life whether in hide technology or in birch leather technology.This is just the opposite to the view points of 'Origin of Art' written by German art Theorist Grosse 'The subject from nature hunting tribe is almost restricted in the figures of human beings and animals,which has increased the new recognition of primitive art and origin of art.