酸枣种子特性及引种栽培初报

Seed Characteristics and Introduction Cultivation of Zizyphus jujube var.spinosa

在吉林省柳河县进行酸枣种子育苗及引种栽培试验,结果表明:酸枣种子本身不存在休眠现象,坚硬的内果皮是限制种子萌发的主要因素;酸枣有性繁殖时,需将种实进行低温沙藏90～120 d,发芽出土整齐,发芽率高达91%～95%。酸枣1年生播种苗需要埋土防寒越冬,2年生留床苗不需任何防寒措施就能安全越冬,2年生留床苗平均苗高80.6 cm,平均地径0.94 cm,保持了原有的优良形状;适应性强,抗旱、耐寒、抗病虫害能力强。

The raising,introduction and cultivation experiments of Zizyphus jujuba seedlings in Liuhe County,Jilin Province were made,the results showed that Zizyphus jujuba seed dormancy phenomenon didn't exist,the hard endocarp was the main factor for limiting seed germination;during Zizyphus jujuba sexual reproduction,the seed needed to be saved by low-temperature sand reservoir for 90d ～120d,unearthed germination was neat,high germination rate amounted to 91% ～95%.1-year-old planting seedling needed to be buried in soil for fighting the cold in winter,2-year-old saved bed seedling could safely fight the cold in winter,its average height was 80.6 cm,its average diameter was 0.94 cm,maintaining the original good shape;the adaptability was strong,the drought,cold,disease and pest resistance abilities were strong.