福建光泽南方铁杉群落植物组成与多样性分析

Plant Species Composition and Diversity of Tsuga chinensis var. tchekiangensis Community in Guangze,Fujian,China

采用样地调查法研究了福建光泽香炉山南方铁杉天然林群落植物组成与多样性。结果表明:光泽南方铁杉天然林群落(2000 m2)共有维管束植物27科40属52种。南方铁杉群落乔木层常绿树种占据优势,而灌木层常绿树种占据压倒性优势,说明常绿树种幼苗幼树耐阴性比落叶树种强,从而在林下低光照环境下具有更强的竞争能力。南方铁杉群落的乔木和灌木层发达,而草本层发育差,物种数与群落多样性指数均为灌木层>乔木层>层外植物>草本层;而均匀度则多为层外植物>灌木层>乔木层>草本层。南方铁杉种群幼苗幼树数量较多(2151株.hm-2),但小树数量极少(24株.hm-2),有一定数量的中树和大树(405株.hm-2)。南方铁杉幼苗幼树耐阴性差,难以与耐阴性强的常绿乔灌木树种竞争,这可能是南方铁杉濒危的原因之一。

Plant species composition and diversity of Tsuga chinensis var.tchekiangensis community in Xianglushan,Guangze,Fujian,China were studied by sampling plots survey.The results showed that there were 27 families,40 genera and 52 species of plants in the T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis community(2000 m2).Evergreen tree species were predominant in the tree layer of the community,while in the shrub layer evergreen trees were overwhelmingly predominant,indicating that seedlings and young trees of evergreen trees were more shade-tolerant than those of deciduous trees,and thus there was more competitiveness under the lack of sun in the understory.Tree and shrub layer of the T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis community were developed well,but herb layer developed poorly.Number of plant species and diversity indices were in the order: shrub>tree>extra stratum plant>herb,while evenness were in the order: extra stratum plant>shrub>tree>herb.There were many seedlings and young trees(2151 stem·hm-2) of T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis in the community,but little small trees(24 stem·hm-2),a few middle and big trees(405 stem·hm-2) existed.Seedlings and young trees of T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis were poorly shade-tolerant,couldn't compete with the shade-tolerant evergreen trees.This might be the cause of endangerment for T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis.