9种乔木对城市交通环境的响应研究

Responses of 9 Species of Arbor Trees to the Urban Traffic Environment

以连云港市区常见的9种行道乔木为研究对象,对市区交通主干道和清洁对照区乔木叶片中重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd)的含量、生理指标(脯氨酸、丙二醛和可溶性蛋白等)、pH、电导率、树叶表面气孔结构等进行分析测定。结果表明:9种乔木叶片镉(Cd)含量都约为0;城市交通主干道乔木叶片中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr含量都明显高于清洁对照区,其中香樟、法国梧桐、美国洋槐和大叶女贞含量相对较高;城市交通主干道与清洁对照区相比,叶片pH值降低,电导率变大,但电导率较pH值变化更加明显。城市交通主干道的乔木叶片中脯氨酸(除栾树外)、MDA含量、可溶性蛋白含量(除广玉兰、美国洋槐外)均大于清洁对照区。城市交通主干道的栾树、红叶李和法国梧桐的叶片表皮结构与清洁对照区比较差异较为显著,而银杏、马褂木在不同采样点叶片结构形状保持相似,说明栾树、红叶李和法国梧桐这3种乔木对环境变化的响应比较敏感。

The 9 speices of arbor trees samples,commonly planted in Lianyungan City Areas,Jiangsu,China were taken as the researched objects.The contents of heavy metals Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr and Cd,proline,MDA,soluble protein,pH,electric conductivity and structure of stomatal on the leaves surface of the samples were measured.The results indicated that the cadmium(Cd) contents of 9 species of tree leaves were about 0;the urban traffic main roads arbor tree leaves Cu and Pb and Zn contents were significantly higher than the clean control area,the contents of heavy metals in Cinnamomum camphora,Firmiana platanifolia,Robinia pseudoacacia L.and Ligustrum lucidum Ait were higher,pH value diminished,electric conductivity enlarged,but the electric conductivity changed more evidently than ph value,the city main roads arborl except Magnolia grandiflora Linn and Robinia pseudoacacia L.leaf proline,MDA and dissoluble albumen contents were greater than the clean control area.The urban main roads Koelreuteria paniculata,Redleaf Cherry Plum and Firmiana platanifolia leaf epidermal structures were more obviously different with the clean control area,the ginkgo and Liriodendron chinensis leaf structure and shape kept similarity in different sampling points.Therefore,the response to environmental change for Koelreuteria paniculata,Redleaf Cherry Plum and Firmiana platanifolia were bigger and suitably served as roadside arbor trees for city traffic mainline.