跨越东西方的诗歌之旅——从《鲁拜集》的最初汉译看文学翻译成功的时代契机

Journey of Poetry across Cultures between East and West——Epochal Opportunity for Earlier Successful Chinese Version of Literature from Rubaiyat

《鲁拜集》是十一、二世纪波斯诗人欧玛尔.海亚姆的代表作,因十八世纪英国学者菲兹杰拉德的英译而蜚声世界,五四时期又经胡适、郭沫若等人的译介而传入中国,广受欢迎。90多年来,《鲁拜集》的汉译层出不穷,它所引发的关于诗歌翻译的讨论经久不衰,成为中国现代文学翻译史上一个引人注目的独特现象。文章以胡适、郭沫若两人对《鲁拜集》的最初翻译为切入点,讨论他们的翻译获得成功的时代因素,指出只有符合时代需求、契合时代精神的翻译作品才有生命力,才能够在读者中引起强烈反响和共鸣。

Rubaiyat is a masterpiece written by Mr.Omar Hyam,a Persian poet in the eleventh and twelfth century,which became famous in the world for English version made by Edward Fitzgerald,a British scholar in the eighteenth century and popular in China through Hu Shi and Guo Moruo's translation and introduction during the May Fourth Movement.In the past 90 years or more,Rubaiyat in Chinese versions have come out in succession,so have the discussion about the poetry translation,thus becoming a unique eye-catching phenomenon in modern Chinese history of literary translation.The essay starts with the earlier translation of Rubaiyat made by Hu Shi and Guo Moruo,discusses the epoch factors for their translation success and argues the demand that accords with era and translations that conform to epoch spirit has vitality to cause strong echo among readership.