WTO《农业协定》与我国农民直接补贴立法

WTO "agreement on agriculture" and China farmers direct subsidy legislation

我国准备制定《农业补贴条例》,但WTO《农业协定》中只有"农业国内支持"的术语,"农业补贴"、"农业国内支持"等概念必须严格区分。我国所有的农业补贴应且仅属于"农业国内支持"的范畴。农业国内支持内容非常庞杂,且其中多项制度尚处于探索阶段,因此制定《农业补贴条例》不可行。但为改善农民收入,制定《农民直接补贴法》是当务之急。《农民直接补贴法》的立法目标应单一确定为"保障农民最低收入",并遵守与我国财政能力相适应的原则。具体规定上应将现行的粮农直补、农资综合直补和良种补贴合并为对农民的直接收入补贴。

China is ready to develop the 'agricultural subsidy regulation',but only the term of 'domestic support' in WTO 'agricultural agreement',' agricultural subsidies','agricultural domestic support' concept must be strictly distinguish.All of our agricultural subsidies only belongs to the category of 'agricultural domestic support'.The content of agricultural domestic support is very complex,and many of which system is still in the stage of exploration,therefore making 'agricultural subsidy regulation' is not feasible.But to improve farmers’ income,making 'farmers direct subsidy law ' is a pressing matter of the moment.The legislation goal of 'farmers direct subsidies law' should be single identified as 'minimum income guarantee of farmers',and comply with and adapt our fiscal capacity principle.Specific provisions should be the current grain direct subsidy,the comprehensive agricultural subsidies and subsidies with direct income subsidy to farmers.