社会考试考场选择的多目标优化模型

Multi-Objective Optimization Model for Site Selection of Social Examination

针对社会考试需考虑考场距离和综合条件的考场选择问题,提出了一种描述考生不便利性的定量化描述方法,建立了一个多目标的线性0 1整数规划的考场选择优化模型·该问题是一种特殊形式的选址 优化问题·采用多目标加权组合将多目标问题转化为单目标问题·通过设计合适的罚函数处理考场容量约束,将有约束问题转化为无约束问题·为求解以上问题,开发了一个采用双切点交叉和换位变异的遗传算法·通过对大量实际的算例进行计算取得了满意的结果·

In China, there are a very big number of various examinees to take different social examinations at different places each year. To solve the site selection problem of social examinations with the site distribution and condition taken into consideration, a description method is proposed to quantify the inconvenience of students. A multi-objective linear programming model is built with 0-1 integer for optimizing the selection of examination sites. The problem is in fact a special type of classical location-allocation problems. To solve the model, the multiple objectives are translated into single objective by using weighted sum. The capacity constraints of the examination sites are treated by a designed penalty function. Then, the problem is simplified as an unconstrained one. A genetic algorithm with two cutting point crossover and swapping mutation is developed for the solution. The computation on a large number of examples with actual data showed satisfactory results.