巨厚松散层下开采地表损害机理研究

Study on surface damage mechanism of mining under thick alluvium

在巨厚松散层综放开采条件下,地表移动变形呈现自身的特点和变形规律。基于赵家寨煤矿地质采矿条件,描述了巨厚松散层下地表出现的周期性裂缝、台阶、塌陷坑等非连续变形的破坏特征。分析了地表出现非连续变形的破坏机理。借助数值模拟分析的手段,探讨了不同松散层开采条件覆岩应力集中区域、应力释放区域、应力集中系数的变化规律。结果表明,在巨厚松散层开采条件下,应力变化与松散层性质是造成地表出现非连续变形的主要因素,从而为厚松散层下"三下"采煤提供了参考。

In the condition of fully mechanized top caving mining under thick alluvium,there are self-characteristics and deformation laws of the surface movement deformation.Based on geology and mining conditions of Zhaojiazhai mine,the damage characteristics of the surface discontinuous deformation under thick alluvium are described,such as the periodic cracks,steps and subsidence pits and so on.The mechanism is explained that the surface discontinuous deformation occurs.And the change laws of over burden's stress concentration area,stress release area,and stress concentration coefficient are discussed by numerical stimulation.The results are,stress variation and alluvium quality are the main factors which caused discontinuous deformation of the surface,then references is provided for mining 'under railways,under waters and under buildings' under thick alluvium.