X波段数字阵列雷达的数字收发模块研制

Development of digital transceiver module for X-band digital array radar

为了提高X波段数字阵列雷达数字收发(Transceiver,T/R)组件的集成度和可维护性,该文采用模块化和集成化的设计思想,研制了一款10通道数字T/R模块。该模块与微带阵列天线直插连接,与信号处理器接口仅为一条高速双向光纤,易于系统集成和扩展。模块采用基于现场可编程门阵列(Field programmable gate array,FPGA)的中频软件无线电架构,实现了任意码长和码型的二相编码波形产生、发射数字波束形成、数字正交调制和解调、数字下变频与基带数据预处理等功能。实测结果表明模块的软件无线电功能正常,且具有低旁瓣和同时多波束形成等优越性能,远场校准后的接收波束方向图旁瓣电平优于-24.5 dB。

In order to improve the integration level and maintainability of digital transceivers used in X-band digital array radar(DAR),modularization and integration design concepts are adopted to develop one 10-channel digital T/R module in this paper.The module can be directly plugged into the micro-strip array antenna and connected to the subsequent signal processor only through a high-speed bidirectional fiber-optic.It is suitable for system integration and expansion.In this module,software defined radio(SDR)functions are realized in field programmable gate array(FPGA),including binary phase coded waveform generation with arbitrary code length and code type,digital transmission beam-forming,digital quadrature modulation and demodulation,digital down-converting,base-band data pre-processing,etc.Experimental results verify all SDR functions of the module and show that the module can simultaneously form multiply receive beams with extremely low side-lobes below-24.5 dB after far field channel calibration.