波斯语在东亚的黄金时代的开启及终结

Start and End of Persian in East Asia in Prime Time

中古时代欧亚大陆自东向西并存着几个大文化圈,即:汉、伊斯兰、印度与基督教文化圈。伊斯兰文化圈东部主要学术语言是波斯语。成吉思汗西征后,大批西域人随蒙古军入华,使波斯语在汉地落脚生根,并借助中国在汉文化圈和东亚的重要地位,将其影响力扩及东亚和东南亚。波斯语在13—15世纪的中国扮演着四种角色:元代最重要的官方行用文字之一;入华回回人的族内共同语;元代和明初主要的外交语言之一及当时中国汲取域外科学知识的最重要的学术语言。波斯语在东亚的黄金时代,随着其掌握者——入华回回人的逐渐本土化,在明中期结束。

During the mid-ancient period,ranging from east to west,there coexist several cultural spheres in Euro-Asian continent,namely: Han,Islamist,Indian and Christian cultural spheres.Islamist cultural sphere is academically dominated by Persian.After Genghis khan's westward conquest,a large number of people in the West Regions entered China together with Mongolian army to leave Persian rooted in the Han-people inhabited area and expanded its force to east Asia and southeast Asia by the means of leading position taken by China in Han cultural sphere and east Asia.Persian played four roles in China during 13-15th century: one of most official languages during the Yuan Dynasty;common language among Hui people in China;one of major diplomatic languages during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties and the most important academic language in which China absorbed alien scientific knowledge.The prime time of Persian in east Asia ended during the mid-Ming Dynasty as Hui people became gradually localized.