宋代休闲文化的繁荣与美学转向

Prosperity and Aesthetic Turn of Leisure Culture in the Song Dynasty

宋代在中国封建文明发展史中是一个重要的转折时期。宋代不但是中国封建文化的最高峰,中华传统人文臻于成熟,而且是中国近世人文的兴起时代。商业城市的崛起,市民阶层的形成,人本追求的凸显,使宋代文化出现了明显的近世特征,从而导致休闲文化的兴起和繁荣。宋代的审美文化与艺术表现,也体现出承前启后、继旧萌新的特征,审美形态更加丰富多样化,美学呈现生活化与休闲化转向。

The Song Dynasty is an important turning point in the history of the development of Chinese feudal civilization. It is not only the peak of Chinese feudal culture when the Chinese traditional humanities tended to be mature, but also a period of the burgeoning of Chinese modern humanities, in which the rise of commercial cities, the formation of citizen class and the prominence of humanistic pursuit enabled the Song culture taking on obvious characteristics of modern times, and then resulted in the rise and prosperity of leisure culture. The aesthetic culture and artistic expression also took on the characteristics of following up the past and the old and ushering in the future and the new, with more resourceful and diversified aesthetic forms, aesthetics itself presented a turn of life-orientation and leisure-orientation.