污染治理视角下中国城市工业环境库兹涅茨曲线假说的再检验

The Re-examination of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis of Chinese Urban Industrial Environment from the Perspective of Pollution Control

本文以环境库兹涅茨曲线假说(EKC)为出发点,运用基于松弛的序列方向距离函数测算了2001-2010年中国110个重点城市的不同种类工业污染物的环境生产率,以此作为环境技术的衡量指标,纳入到EKC假说的动态面板模型检验中。实证研究发现,在控制了环境规制水平和环境技术后,不同环境污染物的EKC一致呈现"N"型曲线关系;环境治理强度与环境质量呈"U"型关系;环境技术、对外贸易和人口密度对环境质量改善具有积极影响,产业结构和资本深化则产生了负面作用。

Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis (EKC), this paper calculated an environmental productivity index of different industrial pollutants in 110 major cities of China during 2001-2010 using slacks-based sequential directional distance function, took the environmental productivity as a measure index of environmental technology, and then incorporated it into the dynamic panel model to test the EKC hypothesis. The empirical researches show that with the levels of environmental regulation and environmental technology controlled, the EKC of different environmental pollutants are uniformly 'N' shaped and there is a 'U' shaped relationship between environment control intensity and environment quality. In addition, environmental technology, foreign trade and population density all play positive roles in improving environment quality, while the industrial structure and capital deepening have negative impacts on it.