我国“985工程”高校科研绩效的影响因素——基于DEA-Malmquist的实证研究

Factors Influencing Academic Performance of “985 Project” Universities:Empirical Study Based on DEA-Malmquist

文章首先借鉴Malmquist效率指数方法,将科研绩效的变动分解为知识生产率与要素投入效应;其次基于2001～2009年的样本数据,探究近年来我国"985工程"高校的科研绩效特征及动因。研究结果表明:规模扩张成为"985工程"高校的共同特征,科研产出增长主要来自于科研资源的投入,尤其是科研经费投入成为论文增长的主要驱动力;有39.4%的高校取得了科研投入产出效率的提高,体现了科研资源配置的优化;"985工程"高校的科研绩效动因特征呈现一定程度的分化趋势,高校间的科研竞争日益激烈。经历了跨越式的规模扩张之后,提升科研产出内涵与质量、优化科研资源配置效率应当成为我国"985工程"高校今后发展方向。

The change of academic performance can be decomposed into two main components consisting of knowledge productivity and effect of inputted academic resources,based on the Malmquist efficiency index.To explore the characteristics of academic performance and its main reasons,the empirical results based on the data from 2001 to 2009 show that the most important factor,contributing to the dramatic growth of academic publications with respect to'985 Project'universities with the same trend of increased academy size,relies on the inputs of academic resources in which academic investment plays the critical role.Furthermore,39.4% universities have achieved the promotion of academic efficiency,which demonstrate the optimization of academic resource configuration.In addition,the trend of differentiation appears in the aspect of the issues contributing to academic performance according to these universities to some extent.After the experiences of scale expansion,'985 Project'universities should place more emphasis on the promotion of the quality of academic achievement and optimization of academic resources allocation.