低温生物菌剂在SBR工艺中的应用及功能分析

Application and function of low-temperature bacterial agent in SBR process

为解决寒冷地区冬季城市污水厂低温启动周期长和运行不稳定的难题,考察了应用低温生物菌剂缩短序批式反应器(Sequencing batch reactor,SBR)冬季启动周期及提高其长期运行稳定性的可行性。构建后的低温生物菌剂和剩余污泥分别按SBR单池有效容积的1%和4%投加到生化池内,并逐步由最初接种的生化池向其他生化池导泥;系统成功启动后,分别采集冬季低温期和春季气温回升期活性污泥样品进行了Biolog分析。结果表明:在平均水温为14℃时,仅用15 d完成了8组SBR生化池的启动;成功启动后的生化处理系统在常规条件下微生物群落结构较稳定,在水质水量及环境因子发生波动时,为适应环境及营养条件的变化,微生物群落结构及代谢类型也随之呈现动态演替的态势,从而保证了工艺运行的稳定性和理想的出水水质。低温菌剂在污水厂SBR工艺低温启动及稳定运行中发挥了重要作用。

In order to shorten the start-up duration and improve the unstable performances of municipal wastewater treatment plants at low temperatures,the feasibility of applying low-temperature bacterial agent to shorten the start-up period and improve the operational stability of the sequencing batch reactor(SBR)is investigated.The constructed low-temperature bacterial agent and the excess sludge are delivered into the biological tank with a respective 1% and 4% volume ratio to the effective volume of the biological tank.The sludge is introduced gradually from the initial inoculated biological tank to other tanks.Activated sludge from the successfully started SBR is collected during the cold winter and the temperature rising period in spring for Biolog analysis.With the addition of bacterial agent,eight biological SBR tanks are successfully started within 15 days when the average wastewater temperature is about 14 ℃.The microbial community structure of the successfully started biological systems is stable under normal operational conditions.The microbial community structure and the metabolic types vary with the fluctuations of the environmental and nutritional conditions,which is vital for stable operation and ideal effluent quality.The low-temperatures bacterial agent is significant in the rapid start-up and stable performances of the SBR process at low temperatures.