超伦理视角下的道家人性观诠释

Interpretation of the Taoist Theory of Human Nature from the Perspective of Super-Ethic

一般地说,学界多沉溺于人性的伦理致思,恣意从善恶上品评道家人性观。但事实上,道家人性观并不止于价值意义上的探讨。从超伦理的视角看,道家以其鲜明的本源于道而又返归于道的道之指向,指出了人性本于道性、最终回归道性的演化路径。在人性从形而上到形而下、从抽象到具体、从共性到个性的演化过程中,呈现出普遍的物性、人与其他具体物相区别的"人"性、种类不同的群体或个体所表现出来的独有天性等多重意境。基于人性理解的不同意境,道家认为人性在实践中的具体存在状态主要表现为素朴之德、天生情欲、天然之才。

In general, the academia strongly incline to the Taoist theory of human nature from the ethics of good and evil.But in fact, it is not limited to the field of axiology.From the perspective of super-ethic, Taoism indicates the evolution pathway of human nature from Tao to Tao by Tao's guide.With the development of human nature from metaphysics to physics, from abstract to concrete, and from commonness to individuality, it manifests many multiple connotations including the common material characteristics, general humanities differentiated between human and concrete material, and unique nature of different groups or individuals.Based on the different meanings of human nature, Taoism deems that the human nature in practice embodies mainly simple virtue, innate passion and natural talent.