中学生健康危险行为分析与健康教育对策

The study on health risk behaviors among secondary school students in Chaoyang distirct,Beijing

目的了解北京市朝阳区2所中学460名中学生的慢性病相关健康危险行为状况,以便采取有针对性的健康教育,促进青少年健康成长。方法选取朝阳区2所中学,开展青少年健康相关行为问卷调查。随机整群抽取朝阳区2所中学的初中及高中学生共460人进行问卷调查,分别进行相关的基线调查。结果健康危险行为在被调查中学生中普遍存在,31.3%的学生在过去30天骑车逆行,17.4%的学生过去30天闯红灯,乱穿马路;近1年内有过打架行为的学生占20.6%;27.1%的学生尝试过吸烟;高达67.3%的学生尝试过饮酒;19.6%的学生参加过类似赌博的娱乐性活动;7.3%的学生有过药物滥用行为;6.9%的学生认为自己很胖;28.3%的学生考虑过离家出走,6.9%的学生尝试离家出走;5.1%的学生有过性行为。男生吸烟、饮酒、及有性行为的比例高于女生(P<0.05)。结论及时、有效、有针对性地在学校开展健康教育,对帮助中学生形成良好的健康生活习惯是非常有必要的。

Objective To collect the basic information about knowledge,attitude and cordilon regarding health risk behaviors such as unintentional injuries,smoking,drinking,addictive drug use,unhealthy daily dietary behaviors and physical activities of two secondary and high school students in Chaoyang District.Methods A questionnaires of health risk behaviors was used in 460 secondary and high school students in Chaoyang District. Results The health risk behaviors were common among the middle and high school students.In the survey,31.3%of students rode on the wrong side of the road in the past 30 days;17.4%crossed the street at ther own will;20.6%of them fight one or more times during the 12 months;27.1%of them had ever tried cigarette smoking(even one or two puffs);67.3%of them drank alcohol before;19.6%of them had gambling etpeiremces;7.3%had experiences of drug obnse;6.9%of the students considered themselves overweight; 28.3%of the students had ever thought depalting fteir familles;6.9%caotnaly did it;5.1%had sex exporences.The prevalence rates of smoking,alcohol drinking,addictive medicine abuse and sexual behaviors were signifiatily higher in male than in female(P<0.05).Conclusions It is necessary to promote an effective,timely faused health education to reduce risk behaviors among secondary and hig school stnderts these two schools