北京市朝阳区300名老年人慢性病知识水平与服务需求调查分析

Investigation and analysis of chronic diseases related knowledge and service needs of 300 seniors from Chaoyang district of Beijing

目的了解社区老年人慢性病知识的掌握情况与服务需求,探索适合老年人的慢性病服务模式,为有针对性的开展慢性病管理提供指导。方法选取北京市团结湖社区部分老年人作为研究对象,采取调查问卷的方式进行调查,调查内容包括个人基本情况,慢性病知识的了解情况,服务的需求情况。结果共收回有效调查问卷300份。调查对象以女性、技术及管理人员为主,调查对象慢性病患病比例达76.7%,慢性病排序依次是高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、脑卒中、其他消化系统及呼吸系统疾病。慢性病知识的获得途径以大众传媒及朋友、邻居为主,提示社区开展广泛的慢性病宣传大有空间。老年人对慢性病治疗、预防、保健、护理等知识的需求较大。围绕老年人服务需求开展有针对性地卫生服务势在必行。结论社区老年人慢性病患病率高,对慢性病知识的认识不足,社区医疗优势利用不够。提示老年人慢性病防治工作应充分发挥社区医疗、保健优势,以需求为导向加强社区医疗保健的延伸服务。

Objectives To learn the knowledge conditions and service needs about chronic disease among seniors in community ; to search suitable models of chronic disease service ; to provide guidances for the development of chronic disease management. Methods A questionnaire was conducted among some seniors in Tuanjiehu community.The questionnaire includes basic personal information , knowledge conditions about chronic disease , and demands for service. Results There are 300 effective questionnaires totally.The respondents are mainly female , and also most of their occupations are about technology and management.A total of 76.7% of the respondents are suffering from chronic diseases.The most popular is hypertension , and followed by coronary heart disease , stroke , other digestive system and respiratory system disease.Their approaches to the knowledge of chronic disease mainly are mass media , friends and neighbors ; this suggests great potential works to do for promotion of chronic disease in community.The seniors are short of the knowledge about chronic disease treatment , prevention , health care and nursing.It is imperative to carry out related health services. Conclusions The prevalence of chronic diseases is high among seniors in community.They lack of the knowledge of chronic disease.The community health care is not fully used by them.Therefore , the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases should be conducted with fully use of the community medical and health care and extension services of the community health care which are guided by people′s needs.