北京某社区老年居民慢性病健康知识和公共卫生服务需求调查

Survey on the knowledge of chronic diseases and demand for health services among elderly population of a community in Beijing

目的了解北京市社区老年居民的慢性病健康知识知晓状况和公共卫生服务需求情况。方法采用调查问卷方法对北京市石景山区八宝山社区老年居民进行调查,调查内容包括空腹血糖、血压、体质指数、腰围正常值和慢性病高危人群标准。结果 643名调查对象的空腹血糖、血压、体质指数、男性腰围、女性腰围正常值的知晓率分别为83.7%、84.6%、70.9%、52.1%、50.5%;空腹血糖、血压、体质指数、男性腰围、女性腰围正常值的知晓率在不同性别、年龄、文化程度、收入水平组间进行比较,只有不同文化程度组间血压的正常值的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P=0.042),其余组间差异均无统计学意义;慢性病高危人群标准知识知晓率从高到低依次为空腹血糖、血压、吸烟、腰围、血清总胆固醇。公共卫生需求从高到低依次为健康体检、健康宣教、身体锻炼的活动场地、社区医生提供的规范化管理、慢性病自我管理小组。结论应加强老年居民健康宣传教育,增强健康意识,提高生存质量。

Objective To study the level of the knowledge of chronic diseases and the demand for public health services among elderly residents in a Beijing community.Methods The awareness rates of normal ranges for blood glucose,blood pressure,body mass index,waist circumferences for male and female and ranges for the high risk population with chronic disease were collected by survey questionnaire among the elderly residents of Babaoshan community in Shijingshan district.Results Among the 643residents who responded,the awareness rates of normal ranges for blood glucose,blood pressure,body mass index,waist circumferences for male and female were 83.67%,84.6%,70.91%,52.09%and 50.54%respectively.The awareness rates of blood glucose,blood pressure,body mass index,waist circumferences for male and female were compared in different gender-,age-,education-,and income-groups.Significant difference was only found in awareness rates of blood pressure in different income groups.The rank of awareness rates of the high risk population with chronic disease were fasting blood glucose levels,blood pressure,smoking,standard waist circumference,serum total cholesterol level from high to low.The demands for public health services from high to low were physical examination,health education,physical exercise activity sites,standardized management of community doctors,chronic disease self-management team.Conclusions It is necessary to enhance health education for the elderly population and promote health awareness to improve quality of life.