轻度弱智儿童元认知监控的发展特点

Developmental Characteristics of Meta-cognition Monitoring of Mild Retarded Children

采用拼图任务,以注视次数、悔步次数、停顿次数、完成时间和正确率为指标,本研究考查了6-17岁轻度弱智儿童元认知监控的发展特点。结果表明,儿童在认知操作过程中,随着年龄的增长及任务难度的加大,注视次数、悔步次数、正确个数均显著增多,操作时间显著减少,表明儿童对活动的监控意识越来越强,监控水平越来越高。研究显示弱智儿童具有一定的元认知监控能力;12-14岁是轻度弱智儿童元认知监控发展的一个飞跃期。

Matching Puzzle Tasks were used to exam the developmental trends of meta-cognition monitoring in mild mentally retarded children from 6 to 17 years old.The referent indexes included fixation numbers,regret step times,pause frequency,completion time and accuracy.The results indicated that the time children spending on matching task decreased with the increase of age,while the accuracy increase too with aging.At the same time,the more difficult the task was,the more fixation numbers and regret step times they had.It proves that mild mentally retarded children have developed some ability of meta-cognition monitoring which became stronger with the growing age and made a leap development during the period of 12 to 14-year-old.