布鲁贝克的高等教育公平观——基于《高教育哲学》的解读

On Brubacher’s View of Higher Education Equality: Based on Philosophy of Higher Education

20世纪70年代,美国高等教育开始从"大众化"向"普及化"过渡,高等教育"认识论"与"政治论"之间的转变引发高等教育职能的改变,有关高等教育权的"特权意识"逐渐向"权利意识"转变,三方面的因素再次将美国高等教育公平问题推至公众的视野。关于高等教育公平,布鲁贝克的公平观始终伴随着"权利意识"和"差异意识"。布鲁贝克承认人与人之间差异的存在,他指出真正的教育公平应当能够使个人能力向有益于国家的方式去发展,主张通过两种水平的高等教育来促进教育公平。

In the 1970s,the higher education in China was transferring from the massification to popularization,the principal philosophy of higher education changed between 'epistemological' and 'political' which resulted in the transformation of higher education function,and the higher education awareness changed from 'privilege' to 'right',all of which promoted the emerge of conscious of higher education fairness.Brubacher’s theory about Higher Educational Equity always implied the 'entitlement mentality' and 'differential consciousness'.He agreed the differences between people,and pointed out that the real educational equity should be able to help individuals to develop their ability to benefit the nation,and he also attempts to establish two different higher education levels rather than to achieve equity.