1995～2010年安徽安庆市感染性钉螺分布规律

The distribution of infected snails in Anqing City from 1995 to 2010

目的分析安庆市1995～2010年感染性钉螺分布特征,为制订血吸虫病防治规划提供科学依据。方法回顾性调查1995～2010年全市螺情资料,统计分析感染性钉螺分布规律。结果 1995～2010年期间,安庆市不同类型地区感染性钉螺出现村数和环境数总体呈现出逐年缓慢上升趋势,且江洲滩地区最高,湖滩地区次之,山丘地区最低。16年间,30.9%的流行村1～3年出现感染性钉螺,38.2%的流行村4～9年出现感染性钉螺,另30.9%的流行村10～16年就会出现感染性钉螺;47.5%的有螺环境1～3年出现感染性钉螺,34.6%的有螺环境4～9年出现感染性钉螺,17.9%的有螺环境10～16年出现感染性钉螺。不同类型地区感染螺密度总体表现为山丘地区最高,湖滩地区次之,江洲滩地区最低,但总体呈现下降趋势。结论安庆市血防区感染性钉螺分布点多面广,且呈现上升趋势。提示加强传染源控制是消灭感染性钉螺的当务之急。

Objective To analyze the distribution of infected snails in Anqing from 1995 to 2010,and provide scientific basis for making out controlling strategies.Methods The data of snail from 1995 to 2010 was collected retrospectively,and the distribution of infected snails was analyzed.Results The number of villages and environments with infected snails increased year by year.Most of infected snails were found in Yangtze beach and islet,and the next was in lack—beach and hilly areas,respectively.During the 16 years, 30.9%of the endemic villages were found infected snails for 1—3 years,38.2%of which for 4—9 years and 30.9%villages for 10—16 years.As for all the environments with infected snails in the 16 yean,47.5%of the environments were found infected snails for 1-3 years,34.6%of which for 4—9 years and 17.9%of the environments for 10-16 years.The density of infected snail decreased gradually.The highest density of infected snails distributed in hilly areas,followed by lack—beach and the lowest distributed in Yangtze beach and islet areas. Conclusion The infected snails distributed widespreadly in Anqing City,and increased gradually.It is suggested that we should carry out infecious sources control measures to eliminate infected snails at present.