2001~2011年云南鹤庆县血吸虫病疫情分析

Analysis on the endemic situation on schistosomiasis in Heqing County from 2001 to 2011

目的了解鹤庆县实施传染源控制防治血吸虫病流行的效果。方法收集2001~2011年采用机械抽样结合环境抽样进行螺情调查和监测;采用IHA法初筛,阳性者用粪便集卵孵化法作病原学检查进行查病或监测;用顶管孵化法检查流行村的家畜的资料。结果 2002年血吸虫病人群感染率最高为2.36%,2011年感染率为0.003%,感染率下降趋势有统计学意义(x^2=1050.11,p<0.01)。2007年起没有发现新感染病人,2008年起没有发现14岁以下病人。家畜感染率降至0.07%。钉螺面积自2006年起逐年下降,流行村2001~2006年连续查出阳性钉螺,2006年后阳性钉螺减少,2007年后没有发现阳性钉螺。结论鹤庆县2004年以来实施以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治策略,2006年疫情回升的势头得到了控制,2009年全县年重新达到了血吸虫病传播控制标准。

Objective To analyze the effect of schistosomiasis control by carrying out infectious source control in Heiqing County.Methods Snails surveillance were carried out in transmission-interrupted areas and comprehensive snails survey were carried out in transmission control areas by the methods of systematic sampling combined environmental sampling every year.Residents were assayed for schistosomiasis by IHA and the positive with IHA in primary screen test were confirmed by fecal examination every year.Domestic animals were surveyed using miracidial hatching technique.Results From 2001 to 2011,the infection rate of the residents was 0.26%,2.36%,0.93%,0.16%,0.34%,0.39%,0.36%,0.05%,0.03%,0.01%,0.003%,respectively.From2007,no new infection case was found.From 2008,no patients under 14 years old were found.From 2001 to2011,the infection rate of domestic animals was 0.11%,0.16%,0.45%,0.11%,0.30%,0.60%,0.31%,0.04%、0.05%、0.08%、0.07%,respectively.Snail areas declined gradually from 2006.Positive snails were found every year from 2001 to 2006,But no positive snails were found from 2007.Conclusion After the implementation of comprehensive measures with emphasis on infectious source control in 2004,the rising of endemic situation of schistosomiasis had been controlled in Heiqing County Heqing County from 2006,and regained the criteria of transmission-interrupted of schistosomiasis in 2009.