安徽歙县麻风病低流行状态下防治工作现状

The situation on leprosy control in low endemic area of Shexian County,Anhui Province

目的调查低流行状态下的歙县麻风病疫情现状,分析防治工作存在的困难与问题,为科学防治提供依据与对策。方法分析歙县近年来麻风病流行状况,并分析防治工作现状。结果截止2011年,歙县累计发现麻风病人195人。经过几代人的防治,患病人数自1966年高峰时的82人降至1992年的4人、2011年的2人;患病率自1966年最高时的0.214‰(21.4/10万),降至1992年的0.0079‰(0.79/10万)、2011年的0.004‰(0.4/10万)。1975年后麻风病人均为散在零星发病,1992年歙县达到了基本消灭麻风病的标准,并继续保持基本消灭达标。2010年麻风防治机构被撤并后,病人发现困难等问题尤存。结论通过加强农村健康教育宣传,开展专业技术人员的业务培训,宣传麻防工作的科学知识,并且通过县乡村卫生服务一体化管理工作,推进1986年WHO倡导的麻风防治一体化管理,提升并巩固麻风病防治成果。

Objective To investigate the prevalence situation of leprosy in low endemic area of Shexian County,analyze difficulties and problems on the control of leprosy,so as to provide scientific basis for leprosy control.Methods The epidemic situation of leprosy and control of leprosy in recent years in Shexian were analyzed.Results By the end of 2011,the total number of lepers in Shexian was 195.Through the effectively control work of several generations,the number of patients decreased from 82 in 1966 to 4 in 2006,and 2in 2011.The morbidity rate decreased from the highest 21.4/100 000 in 1966 to 0.79/100 000 in 1992,and0.4/100 000 in 2011.After 1975,the lepers in Shexian sporadically attacked.The incidence of Shexian reached the criteria of primary annihilation of leprosy stipulated in 1992,and kept on the situation until now.It was very difficult to find leprosy cases since 2010 with the leprosy control institution merged with CDC.Conclusion It was necessary to consolidate the achievements of leprosy control by strengthening health education in rural areas,training technical doctors,propaganda scientific knowledge of leprosy prevention,and making use of the integrative management of rural health services to propel leprosy prevention and control integration strategy recommend by WHO in 1986.