我国LNG海上物流网络的建设

The Study on the Network Construction of LNG Carriers and the Operation Strategy

液化天然气(LNG)产业是具有多环节产业链的新兴产业,包括上游的天然气开采液化、中游的LNG运输以及下游的LNG销售。作为中间的物流环节则是整个LNG产业链中的关键命脉,物流环节最重要的是运输船。能否解决运输船问题将影响上游资源开发及LNG接收站建设进程。虽然国际LNG运输市场已经非常成熟,但是LNG船舶市场变化无常,难以控制,大部分富裕LNG运力常被投放在现货市场上,受制于人。我国作为LNG进口大国,组建自己的LNG运输船队,建立我国自己可控的LNG海上物流网络则非常必要,不仅能够降低LNG运输成本并按照市场需求调控LNG运量,还可以控制LNG产业链的中游,进而掌控整个LNG产业链。通过对LNG产业链特点的分析引出掌控LNG运力的重要性,进而分析LNG船舶运营网络构建及优化策略。

The newly rising LNG industry chain included upstream gas production and liquefaction ,midstream transportation and downstream LNG marketing. As the key part in the industry chain,LNG carriers would directly influence the process of LNG production and LNG terminals′ construction. Although the international LNG transporting market was quite mature,LNG shipping market was changing so rapidly and quite uncontrollable. With the majority of surplus LNG carriers being put into the spot market,we are dependent much on others. Having our own LNG carriers would not only cut the cost of LNG transportation but also help arrange the capacity according to the market demand as well as the midstream of the chain. And then,CNOOC would achieve to control the whole LNG industry chain. This paper respectively introduced the LNG industry chain,the importance to control the LNG carriers and the managing and optimizing strategies,and in the end gave some constructive suggestions to the midstream marketing network.