上海市宝山区健康自我管理小组活动效果评价

Effect Evaluation of Health Self-management Group Activity in Baoshan District,Shanghai

目的评价健康自我管理小组的活动效果,为进一步开展健康自我管理小组工作提供依据。方法随机抽取宝山区12个健康自我管理小组,于干预前后分别进行一次评价调查,分析干预效果。结果干预后,健康自我管理小组成员有关每日食物科学摄入量正确排序,每日食盐、食用油、酒精限量,犬伤、煤气中毒、火灾正确处理方法以及洗手可预防流感、安全套可减少艾滋病发病风险的知晓率有了大幅度提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但对抗生素的正确使用方法、发热的正确处理方法的知晓率变化无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除吸烟外,有关运动锻炼、合理营养、定期测量血压、血糖和血脂等的比例都有明显提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但日常摄入蔬菜水果符合中国居民膳食指南要求的比例仍不足40%。健康知识知晓率随年龄上升而下降,但健康行为随年龄上升而上升(P<0.05);健康知识知晓率差异无统计学意义,但对健康行为形成有影响,女性高于男性(P<0.05)。结论宝山区居民健康自我管理小组的活动效果明显,应继续加以推广。

Objectives To evaluate the effect of health self-management group activity,and provide a basis for the further work on health self-management group.Methods By extracting 12 self-management group with random sampling,an evaluation investigation was made before and after the intervention respectively so as to analyze the effect of intervention.Results Significant differences existed after the intervention (P<0.05) in health self-management group's knowledge rates of the right sorting of scientific daily food intake,the daily limitation of salt,cooking oil and alcohol,the right processing methods of dog injury,gas poisoning and fire hazard,that hand washing can prevent flu and condom can reduce the risk of AIDS.But the difference was not significant statistically (P>0.05) in the correct way of using antibiotics,the right processing method of fever.In practice,except for smoking,the proportions of sports exercise,balanced nutrition,measuring regularly blood pressure,blood sugar and blood fat improved significantly after the intervention (P<0.05).But the rate of daily intake of fruits and vegetables was still less than 40% in accordance with Chinese residents' dietary guidelines.The health knowledge rate declined with age,but the proportion of health behaviors rose (P<0.05).Gender difference in the health knowledge rate was not statistically significant except for the proportion of health behaviors in which women exceeded men (P<0.05).Conclusion The health self-management group activity had obvious effect in Baoshan District.It should be popularized continuously.