上海市松江区某镇659名中小学生结核病KAP调查

Investigation on KAP about Tuberculosis in 659 Primary and Middle School Students in One Town,Shanghai

目的了解中小学生的结核病防治知识、态度和行为的现状水平,为有效地开展结核病防治工作提供依据。方法采用问卷调查方法,调查335名小学生和324名初中生结核病防治的知识、态度和行为状况。结果小学、初中生对结核病的传染源、传播途径和易感人群知晓率较高,对结核病重要危害知晓率低,分别是54.94%和60.60%。对结核病态度方面,想主动了解结核病相关知识的人比例最高,小学、初中生的比例分别为98.15%和99.11%。想关心帮助周围结核病病人的小学、初中生比例最低,仅有10.19%和13.73%。咳嗽、咳痰3周以上主动体检的小学、初中学生人数分别占57.01%和58.51%。中小学生获得结核病相关知识的主要途径为课堂知识、广播电视、家庭成员、报刊杂志和网络。结论在中小学阶段开展学生结核病防治的健康教育,对中小学生结核病防治知识、态度和行为的改善都有着很好的效果,应大力加强对中小学生的结核病健康教育。

Objective To understand the status quo of Tuberculosis (TB) KAP of primary and middle school students,and to provide the basis for effectively carrying out the work for tuberculosis prevention and control.Methods Through the questionnaire,335 primary students and 324 middle school students were investigated to understand the KAP of TB.Results The knowledge rates of the main source of TB spread,spreading ways and susceptible population are high for both primary and middle school students,but the knowledge rates of important hazards of TB were low with 54.94% and 60.60% for primary and middle school students respectively.The proportions of students who actively wanted to understand the tuberculosis related knowledge were the highest in primary and middle school students with 98.15% and 99.11% respectively,and the proportions of students who offered to help TB patients were the lowest with 10.19% and 13.73% respectively.When they had cough with 3 weeks or more,the proportions of students who actively going to the doctor were 57.01% and 58.51% respectively.The main channels of grasping tuberculosis related knowledge were classroom,radio/television,family members,magazine/newspaper,and internet.Conclusion The health education in the primary and middle schools can greatly improve the students' levels of KAP for TB control and prevention,which should be vigorously strengthened.