上海市居民健康素养状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of Shanghai Residents' Health Literacy Quo Status and Influencing Factors

目的了解上海市居民健康素养状况及其影响因素,为今后制定有效的健康教育干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对6015名年龄在15～69岁的城乡常住人口进行健康素养问卷调查。结果 2011年上海市居民具备健康素养的比例是14.27%,具备基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能3个维度健康素养的比例分别是24.87%、17.98%和23.67%。上海市民具备5类健康问题素养的比例由高到低依次是:科学健康观36.49%、安全与急救素养27.50%、传染病预防素养25.32%、基本医疗素养11.96%、慢性病预防素养10.95%。影响上海市居民基本健康素养的主要因素为年龄、文化程度、在业情况和家庭平均月收入。结论健康素养干预成效初显,今后应针对薄弱知识点、薄弱人群进行重点干预。

Objective To understand the current situation of health literacy and its influencing factors among the residents in Shanghai City so as to provide a scientific basis for the future development of effective health education intervention strategies.Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to recruit the study objects,and finally 6 015 residents aged 15-69 participated in the survey of health literacy.Results The proportion of the residents with health literacy was 14.27%.The proportion of the residents with basic knowledge and health concepts,healthy lifestyle and behavior,health literacy skills was 24.87%,17.98% and 23.67%,respectively.Shanghai residents have health problems literacy ratio of high to low were:36.49% scientific view of health,safety and first aid literacy 27.50%,25.32% of the infectious disease prevention literacy,basic medical literacy of 11.96%,chronic disease prevention literacy of 10.95%.The main factors to affect the basic health literacy of Shanghai residents were age,education level,employment situation and the average family monthly income.Conclusion The results of health literacy interventions initially appeared,and in the future,we will carry out focused interventions for weak knowledge points and weak people.