深圳市高中生艾滋病知识、态度和行为状况调查

Investigation on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of AIDS in Senior High School Students, Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市高中学生艾滋病知识、态度和行为现状,为制定切合需求的艾滋病干预策略提供参考。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,在全市6个区抽取14所学校的1415名高中学生进行匿名自填式问卷调查。结果艾滋病主要传播途径的知晓率达90%左右;对日常接触不会传播艾滋病的认识不够理想;不同年级、学校类型的学生艾滋病知识均分之间的差异有显著性(P<0.01);47.2%的学生坚决反对跟HIV感染者同室居住;有6.1%发生过性行为,其中仅25.8%第一次发生性行为时使用了安全套;职业高中和男生性行为的发生率较高。结论消除歧视有赖于艾滋病知识的普及,深圳高中生对HIV感染者的接受度,低年级优于高年级,男生优于女生;迫切需要加强对高中学生安全性行为的教育;青少年艾滋病干预应重点关注职业高中的学生。

Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice status quo of AIDS in senior high school students in Shenzhen, and provide references for the development of appropriate intervention strategy of AIDS. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was performed to sample 1 415 students from 14 high schools in six Districts of Shenzhen, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to carry out in the survey anonymously. Results The rate of knowledge about main ways of transmitting AIDS was about 90%, but few students knew that daily contact would not spread AIDS. There were significant differences in students’ knowledge about AIDS among different grades and school types (P<0.01). And 47.2% of the students firmly opposed to live together with HIV infectors, 6.1% of the students had sexual behavior, but only 25.8% of them had used the condoms at the first sexual behavior. Students from vocational high schools and boy students had a higher incidence of sexual behavior. Conclusions Elimination of discrimination depends on AIDS knowledge popularization. Lower grade and boy students are easier to accept HIV infectors compared with higher grade and girl students. Education of safe sexual behavior to senior high school students need to be further strengthened and extra attention should be paid to vocational high schools during AIDS interventions.