南京市建筑工地农民工艾滋病健康教育效果评价

Effect Evaluation of AIDS Health Education for Migrant Workers in the Construction Sites,Nanjing

目的了解南京市建筑工地农民工的艾滋病知识、态度和行为情况,评价其对艾滋病知识的需求,并有针对性地开展健康教育;评价健康教育对改变农民工艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为的效果,探索对建筑工地农民工进行艾滋病健康教育的可行性方法。方法采取整群随机抽样的方法,选取南京市6个建筑工地的337名工人进行问卷调查,调查后进行健康教育干预,干预后再进行问卷调查。调查结果用EpiData3.02录入数据,用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果干预前农民工对艾滋病三大传播途径的知晓率为52.2%,日常生活接触传播艾滋病的知识知晓率不高,对艾滋病患者存在歧视现象;性生活安全套使用率不高,每次都用的仅6.1%。健康教育后,农民工对艾滋病多项知识的知晓率有显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中对艾滋病三大传播途径的知晓率提高到84.5%(P<0.01);对艾滋病人的态度也有转变,如朋友得了艾滋病会像以前一样继续和他来往的比率提高到66.2%(P=0.008)。干预后,有85.8%的人愿意在性生活时使用安全套来预防性病/艾滋病。结论农民工艾滋病防治知识缺乏,自我保护意识薄弱。依托民工学校、在建筑工地农民工中开展形式多样的健康教育可以提高该人群对艾滋病知识的知晓率,改变他们的态度及相关行为,是一项行之有效的干预措施。

Objective To know about the situation of AIDS knowledge,attitude and behavior among migrant workers of construction site in Nanjing,and to evaluate their demands and the effects of ongoing health education on AIDS knowledge,attitude and behavior,so as to explore more feasible methods of health education for migrant workers of construction site. Methods With cluster random sampling method,337 migrant workers in 6 construction sites were chosen to answer questionnaire. Health education intervention was conducted according to the results of questionnaire survey.After intervening,the questionnaire survey was carried out again.All data were input by Epi Data 3.02 and analyzed by SPSS13.0.Results Before intervention,the knowledge of three AIDS transmission route was 52.2%among the migrant workers.Some people had discrimination against HIV/AIDS.Only 6.1%of them used condom in sexual act.The knowledge rate of AIDS increased significantly after intervention(P<0.05) .The knowledge of three AIDS transmission route increased to 84.5%(P<0.01) .Up to 66.2%of the workers would keep in contact with friends with HIV/AIDS.85.8%were willing to use condoms to prevent AIDS/STD.Conclusion Migrant workers of construction site lacked AIDS knowledge and awareness of self-protection.With the support of migrant worker school,various measures of health education could be taken to effectively improve the AIDS knowledge and change the attitude and behavior among migrant workers of construction site.