19099位退休妇女宫颈病筛查情况及其影响因素分析

Analysis on Cervical Diseases Screening Status and Influencing Factors among 19 099 Retired Women

目的了解长宁区退休妇女宫颈病特点及其影响因素。方法以长宁区登记在册的退休和待退休妇女作为研究对象,利用问卷调查和体检相结合的方法采集相关信息。结果共调查退休和待退休妇女19099人,宫颈病总检出率为25.70%,其中前三位分别是宫颈涂片≥Ⅱ级(18.19%)、宫颈息肉(5.38%)和宫颈纳氏囊肿(2.61%)。65岁~69岁、70岁～74岁、75岁以上年龄组和已绝经组宫颈涂片≥Ⅱ级检出率较高;有高血压病史者、未绝经者的宫颈息肉检出率较低;45岁～49岁、50岁～54岁、无高血压病史和有乳腺小叶增生病史者的宫颈纳氏囊肿检出率较高;45岁～49岁、50岁～54岁和已绝经者的宫颈肥大检出率较高。结论退休妇女的宫颈病检出率高,应积极开展退休妇女宫颈病的普查、普治和针对性健康教育工作。

Objective To learn the characteristic and it’s influencing factors of cervical diseases among retired women in Changning District. Methods The subjects were all retired women who were registered in Changning District. Data were collected through questionnaire survey and physical examination. Results There were 19 099 retired women involved in this study, 25.70% of whom were found to have at least one kind of the cervical diseases. The top three cervical diseases were cervical smears more than two level (18.19%), cervical polyp (5.38%) and Nessler's cervical cyst (2.61%). The rates of positive detection of more than two-level cervical smears were detected among women aged from 65 to 69 years old, 70 to 74 years old and more than 75 years old and the higher rates were among those of post-menopause. The rates of positive detection of cervical polyp were lower among women with hypertension and without menopause. The top rates of cervical polyp were detected among women aged from 45 to 49 years old and 50 to 54 years old, and the higher rates were among those with a history of breast lobular hyperplasia and those without hypertension. The higher rates of cervical hypertrophy were detected among women aged from 45 to 49 years old and 50 to 54 years old,and those of post-menopause. Conclusion The positive detection rate of cervical diseases among retired women was high. We should actively carry out general survey, treatment and health education on cervical diseases among retired women.